Unlike the US your AOE does not have to be the closest one to your entry point, but rather can be any listed on the Canada Customs site as being an AOE so long as it is your first landing. (The flip side of this is don't forget the US is different when you return, you must report to the closest and first AOE to your flight path.)
No VFR on top.
Flight plans required for all cross country trips.
They use the ICAO flight plan format though I found that if you explain that you are a stupid American at the beginning of the call they will assist you with this if you are not familiar.
Read up on how the radio system works in Canada, it is a bit different. For example:
Class G airspace — Recommended Operating Procedures — En Route
When aircraft are manoeuvring in the vicinity of uncontrolled aerodromes (aerodrome in the term used in Canada for an uncertified airport) or cruising in Class G airspace, the lack of information on movements of other aircraft may be a hazard. To alleviate this situation, all pilots are advised that:
1. When operating in Class G airspace, they should continuously monitor frequency 126.7 MHz whenever practicable.
2. Position reports should be made over all navaids along the route of flight to the nearest station having air-to-ground communications capability. These reports should be made on frequency 126.7 MHz whenever practicable. If it is necessary to use another frequency to establish communications with the ground station, the report should also be broadcast on 126.7 MHz for the information of other aircraft in the area. The report should contain present position, track, altitude, altimeter setting in use, next position, and ETA.
3. Immediately before changing altitude, commencing an instrument approach, or departing IFR, pilots should broadcast their intentions on 126.7 MHz whenever practicable. Such broadcasts shall contain adequate information to enable other pilots to be fully aware of the position and intentions so that they can determine if there will be any conflict with their flight paths.
4. At aerodromes where a MF (mandatory frequency) has been designated, arriving pilots shall first broadcast their intentions on 126.7 MHz before changing to the MF. If conflicting IFR traffic becomes evident, this change should be delayed until the conflict is resolved. Pilots departing IFR should broadcast their intentions on 126.7 MHz, in addition to the MF, prior to takeoff; and
5. The preceding reporting requirements are considered as the minimum necessary. Pilots are encouraged to make additional reports whenever the possibility of conflicting IFR traffic is
6. suspected. An example would be reporting prior to overflying a facility where cross traffic is probable or where there is a published instrument approach procedure.
Also if you are going to be flying in rural areas you should read about community aerodrome radios - "airport radio." Other than that I found things to be pretty simple. Reading the Canada Flight Supplement starting around page A-78 is helpful.
If you are an AOPA member, then this link is great:
http://www.aopa.org/members/pic/intl/canada/
particularly this part of it:
http://www.aopa.org/members/files/travel/canada/
And here is a link to the Canadian AIM:
http://www.tc.gc.ca/CivilAviation/publi ... 1/menu.htm