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Backcountry Pilot • Skywagon Smoking Rivets

Skywagon Smoking Rivets

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Skywagon Smoking Rivets

When I purchased my C180, nearly 10 years ago, the aileron bellcranks had a fair amount of corrosion on them. As a precaution, I misted Corrosion-X in the wings. Eventually, I replaced the cables with new galvanized and sandblasted/powder coated the bellcranks. Over the years, I’d noticed more and more greasy smoke around the rivets at the outboard bladder rib, left worse than right. Eventually, I came to the conclusion that I had smoking rivets. I did some research on the problem, and came across this article from Tenessee Aircraft Services:

https://tennesseeaircraft.net/wp-conten ... 210t02.pdf

It describes using DD rivets, which heat treated and fresh out of the kiln, are good for about 30 minutes. After that, another heat treatment would be required to set them. The workable time can be extended by putting them straight out of the oven into an icebox. The least expensive suitable kilns I could find online were in the neighborhood of $500.

I asked my IA if he knew anybody locally who could do the work, and he contacted an airframes specialist, who recommended Mountain Airframes over Mena, AR. I had previously heard the name on this forum, when I’d inquired about a good shop for doing annuals. Unfortunately, Mountain Airframes only does structural repair, not annuals.

I contacted Del at Mountain Airframes, and sent him before pictures (see below):

He described this as a common problem with anti-corrosion compounds, and related he had dealt with numerous smoking rivets on the Corrosion-X test bed Bonanza. He estimated about 2 days and $2500 if they didn’t have to access the bladder compartment, and about 4X as much if they had to go in there, requiring wing pulls. I set up an appoijntment a couple months down the road and flew up there as scheduled.

An interesting aside, at least from my standpoint, Mena’s airport, KMEZ, is located in a valley in the Ozarks, and although their 3500 foot height ridges are no competition for Colorado, their ridges are festooned with numerous towers. I filled IFR as it was going to be dark when I got there and cloud cover was forecast. As I approached the airport, the most recent hourly report was CLR and 8 miles viz, with a zero temp/dew point spread. Hmmm.

When.I got close enough, the AWOS was reporting 1-1/4 viz. Not good enough for me to try the approach with my very limited familiarity of the area. If it went down to 1-1/4 in the half-hour between those reports, it could easily get down to zero quickly. And as mentioned above, towers. I diverted to Kerr, KRKR, about 30 nm NW. I called Del, and he said it was clear, and that the previous week another couple pilots had reported similar errant “wonky” AWOS readings. I sheepishly went VFR into KMEZ as it was now daylight, and landed uneventfully.

Fortunately, the bladder compartments smoking rib flange is pointed outboard, so those rivets are external to the bladder compartment, so no wing pulls needed there. I should also mention I wanted it done with solid rivets, not Cherry Max. Unfortunately, there are a couple stringers on the upper surface of the bladder compartment, that attach to the outboard rib with three rivets each . On the left wing, they were smoking. Del had suggested there is a possible fix for those with pressurized epoxy, but I decided to go with Cherry Max blind rivets there. There is a sheet of aluminum underlying the stringers, so metal bits shouldn’t endanger the bladder below. This fix was suggested by Gray Morris, an airframe guy at Birchwood PABV during my recent trip to Anchorage.

Del pointed out the additional inspection holes which accompany a Flint Aero interal auxiliary “Legacy” fuel tanks installation would make the job a lot quicker, as they improve access. I was given the keys to a crew cab courtesy pickup, and I went off wandering. About 5 hours later. Del called and said it was done. Looks good. Cost was only $920. I’m very happy with their work. It’s an impressive facility, with several people working on multiple aircraft,

IMG_4290.jpeg
Before
IMG_4292.jpeg
After
Last edited by jrc111 on Sat Oct 11, 2025 10:12 am, edited 2 times in total.
jrc111 offline
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Re: Skywagon Smoking Rivets

Great write up! Friend of mine is currently having a major repair done to his 170B there so it's nice to hear such a positive endorsement.

Also cool to hear Gray is still at it at Birchwood, need to go drop in on him sometime...
Halestorm offline
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Re: Skywagon Smoking Rivets

That was quite an emotional rollercoaster ride with the arrival into Mena.
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Re: Skywagon Smoking Rivets

Zzz wrote:That was quite an emotional rollercoaster ride with the arrival into Mena.


It certainly was for me, Zzz! When I was in my twenties, I probably would have just shot the approach and trusted that nothing would go wrong. Fifty years later, I’m a little more cautious.

Here’s the nerdy explanation. In the back of my mind, I knew the SID’s for KMEZ call out about a 450 ft/nm climb to clear terrain, or 7.4% climb gradient. At best rate of climb (86 mph), that’s about 680 fpm for a total climb of about 2000 feet. Normally very doable. The SID’s climb rate is well above a standard missed approach climb gradient of 2.5%. Neither the RNAV or ILS available approaches call out a nonstandard 200 ft/nm climb gradient, but both missed approaches assume you start from a known location and proceed to another known location. I replaced a cylinder 30 hours or so ago, and it’s CHT still likes 120 mph a lot better than VY. At 120 mph, the required climb rate would be 900 fpm which is in the region of expected performance for a 650 lb payload PPonk’d 180. However, if I lost NAV in the dark at zero-zero, though, I could be in an even worse climb situation than the SID or the missed approach. Or the short version; in the mountains you need to see.

On the plus side, I found out that Kerr, KRKR, has self-service Jet-A and AvGas, even though not specified in ForeFlight. Nice runway, too.
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Re: Skywagon Smoking Rivets

iPat offline
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Re: Skywagon Smoking Rivets

Thanks, iPat!

That Austrailian airworthiness bulletin definitely confirms what Del at Mountain Airframes was saying.

Ron
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Re: Skywagon Smoking Rivets

Ron -

This is a very interesting report. I really appreciate you sharing your experience with the community! This will save many of us Skywagon owners a lot of hunting around in the future.
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Re: Skywagon Smoking Rivets

Will putting new rivets in be a permanent fix? If there is "lube" between the skins, will it not keep moving and work on the new rivets?
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Re: Skywagon Smoking Rivets

IIRC, the recommended application interval for Corrosion-X is 2 years. Mountain Airframes wanted a 4 or 5 year interval; for my aircraft it has been over 8 years. After the old rivet removal, the hole is cleaned with MEK prior to re-riveting.. Time will tell.
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Re: Skywagon Smoking Rivets

Neither the RNAV or ILS available approaches call out a nonstandard 200 ft/nm climb gradient, but both missed approaches assume you start from a known location and proceed to another known location.


Those ILS mins are also 500-1 1/4. Significantly higher than the 200-1/2 that a Cat I ILS is capable of. My guess is that the approach designer raised the mins because of the terrain or because of the lack of an approach lighting system, or maybe a combination of the two.

Either way, you get up early!!
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Re: Skywagon Smoking Rivets

Here I am getting ready to go:
IMG_2471.jpeg
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