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Backcountry Pilot • Flap Gap Seals

Flap Gap Seals

Have you modified your aircraft? STC? STOL Kit? Major rebuild from just a data plate?
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Re: Flap Gap Seals

I would (and did, on my 180) drill them off.
You can then easily reinstall them if you want.
Around 50 cherry- maxes per side on my airplane, time consuming but not hard to drill them out.
Theres a trick to it, cant remember exactly but (i think) you drill or grind the steel washers off, then punch out the rivet shank.
I didnt notice any adverse effects after removing them.
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Re: Flap Gap Seals

I was hoping you would say some good things about performance after removing them. ???
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Re: Flap Gap Seals

I have them on my 56 182. I would never put them on but I see no reason to remove them.
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Re: Flap Gap Seals

I have a 172M and it came with the Horton flap and aileron seals as well as the fences. A bunch of guys kept telling me to get rid of the flap seals for better take off performance on the gravel bars. I did and there was absolutely no difference in take off or landing performance. The immediate difference was I lost 150' min climb rate with flaps up. After a year I installed the Knots to you flap seals and got my climb rate back. I did not notice any real change in cruise speed but I sure like the extra climb when playing on the short strips and gravel bars. The nice thing about the Knots to you system is you can take them off and put them back on in less than an hour to do your own testing. Mine will stay on as long as I own the plane and my 175 project plane will definitely get them as well.
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Re: Flap Gap Seals

BirdyinBOI wrote:I know I’m WAY late to this thread but I thought I'd post my thoughts in case anyone would like to respond, I’m a fairly low time pilot...less than 1000 hrs...and have limited BC experience but lived on a 2000’ grass runway back in the 80’s. Never had a problem with that in a friend’s stock C180. Never had any trouble getting down or making really nice 3-point landings. I could peg the A/S on final at 60 mph and the airplane was rock solid. Touchdown was at around 55 mph. I had a long stint of no flying and then purchased my 1958 182 in June 2018. I had never flown an airplane with “STOL anything”. This plane has a Horton STOL, flap gap seals and VG’s. It was owned by a rocket scientist who worked at JPL in Pasadena. I figured he had thoroughly researched the STOL mods before installing. That was back in the early 80’s however and we’ve probably learned some things since then. I flew the plane from SoCal back up to Boise and didn’t notice any negative characteristics except that it felt heavy on the ailerons. I have about 40 hours on the plane now and have some new opinions about the way it flies. I don’t think it comes down as quick as the 180 did, even with full flaps. My landings are some of the worst I’ve made in 45 years of flying...not terrible, just not great. I fly the final at 65-70 and try to touchdown around 60 with a little power. But at 60 when the plane gets in ground effect it just wants to float, unless fully loaded. Won’t come out of ground effect until around 50. The airplane is not nearly as stable on final at 60 mph as the 180 was. I could blame my poor landings on there not being enough of them but landings were always something that we’re easy for me.

After all my reading on the subject of flap gap seals, I’d like to place some blame there. It sounds like my slow speed/landing performance would improve if I removed them. Living in Idaho, I’d gladly exchange some cruise performance for better short field/rapid descent performance. My first trip into Johnson Creek last year looked like it was going to be no problem until on base to final I just couldn’t get airplane to come down fast enough, necessitating a go-around. The second attempt was successful but a little faster airspeed than I would have preferred. Removing the flap seals won’t be easy as they are riveted on. Still considering but leaning toward removal.


Birdy,

In my experience the Horton STOL kit requires a much slower approach than the stock wing. On short final my AI goes to zero...obviously some instillation variance and your reading might be different, but 60 is WAY too fast.

I don't have an opinion about whether you should remove your gap seals, but having put over a thousand hours on my 170B with gap seals, I can say that I've never seen a place to land that I didn't have the sink rate for...and I can't slip my airplane with flaps out, while you probably can.

I really don't mean this to sound dickish, but Johnson Creek is 3,400 feet long, with easy approaches. A fully-loaded 182 can land in half that distance without ANY flaps, so gap seals are not the issue there, and removing them will not compensate for a poor approach.

If you remove them you might get a wing that flies more like what you're used to, but if you keep them and learn to fly the wing as it is, I don't think you'll be sorry. I DEFINITELY don't believe that there's any strip on earth that you could get out of that the gap seals will keep you from getting into, once you learn how to fly your wing with the Horton kit.

People go on and on about how bad flap gap seals are, or how you should take off your Horton and put on a Sportsman, or VG's are amazing, or VG's are just a coffin broken up into smaller pieces with glue on the bottom, but none of that is nearly as relevant as learning how to fly the wing that's above you, regardless of how it's configured, to its best advantage. I just laugh when people talk about how gap seals are "real killers in the mountains"...it's just one of those things that someone said and other people start repeating without knowing anything about it.

Before breaking out the drill and extension cord, I'd find an instructor familiar with that wing modification and get some duel time. I'm guess you'll slow down about 15~20mph in your approach and find you just love the way it flies. Or drill them off...it's all good.
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Re: Flap Gap Seals

I removed a Horton, with Vgs, and removed the flap gap seals, added the Sportsman, re installed the Vgs, and the difference is amazing, 10mph slower approaches on the very first flight.
Before was approaching at 60MPH , very first flight after mods, 50MPH approaches, and few years later 45 to 48MPH approaches with light plane and some other mods (lightweight MT 2 blade prop, weight on the tail cone)
Mods DO work, fly it slow enough and you will feel them, Sportsman is a lot better than Horton,and VGs do work great.
Regarding the gap seals, they come with the Horton STOL kit ,and when adding the Sportsman I was recommended to remove them, to get the most out of this STOL kit.
Maybe gap seals work with the Horton, and no so good with the Sportsman?
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Re: Flap Gap Seals

The previous thread on this subject had a good document link:

https://ntrs.nasa.gov/archive/nasa/casi ... 092003.pdf

The chart on pg 17 shows a decrease in max lift coefficient of about 9% for full seals, and about half that for partial seals. If the coverage is roughly 50% on a Cessna, then for full seals , it means a stall speed increase of about 3.5% (less than a couple of knots), and a ground roll increase of around 7% all other things being equal (about 2 wing spans of difference). For the partial seal case, the difference is about 1.2% increase in stall speed and 2.4% increase in ground roll (perhaps a wing span of difference).
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Re: Flap Gap Seals

Thank you, lesuther, for the information - and the resulting brain overload! So for those here with currently installed flap gap seals, am I to understand this correctly that if only a section of the gap seal was removed one may have the best of both worlds? Would I be correct in the assumption that removing the inboard section of a gap seal would be the place to start, with the outer section being more effective at cruise in the cleaner air?

Aileron seals I can totally understand how they give increased effectiveness at lower speeds, and it seems like the flap gap seals may hinder flap performance enough for the very experienced pilots operating on the lower edge of the envelope to notice?
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Re: Flap Gap Seals

pilot wrote:...it seems like the flap gap seals may hinder flap performance enough for the very experienced pilots operating on the lower edge of the envelope to notice

Bingo!
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Re: Flap Gap Seals

There will always be folks whose appreciation for the gamification of aviating makes these things perceptible and interesting.

Otherwise, it is a distinction without a difference as far as the low end of the airspeed dial is concerned.
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Re: Flap Gap Seals

lesuther wrote:There will always be folks whose appreciation for the gamification of aviating makes these things perceptible and interesting.

Otherwise, it is a distinction without a difference as far as the low end of the airspeed dial is concerned.

That's a cool and unique way of putting it, and very correct. 99% of pilots and their mission couldn't tell one way or the other and that's totally fine- that's the beauty and joy of aviating- something for everyone.
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Re: Flap Gap Seals

Or to put it in real world terms, just about no detectable difference, which is pretty much what I experienced when I had the Knots 2 U flap gap seals installed many years ago (hard to believe that this thread is 8+ years old!). The increase in cruise speed was what I wanted and what I got, along with a noticeable increase in climb rate, without any noticeable change in landing or take off performance. My P172D's wing is stock, except for really droopy tips, which in my experience with umpty-ump 172s makes for somewhat more solid handling at slow speeds, doesn't reduce the stall speeds by any discernible amount, but makes the "break" more like a "mush".

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Re: Flap Gap Seals

On a related issue raised in this thread, any time almost any airplane seems to float and float, that's an indication of too fast an approach speed. So my suggestion for anyone having landing problems is, much like Hammer's, don't think "I've got to modify this wing" but instead think "I've got to learn how to fly this wing".

When I was instructing and doing SE 135 charters eons ago, I was flying a bunch of different airplanes, mostly 182s and 172s but the occasional PA28. They all flew a bit differently, even ones with similar model years and hours on the frame, but it was a matter of adjusting me, not the airplane, to account for the differences. But in truth, most of the differences were caused by loading--total load and how it was balanced.

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Re: Flap Gap Seals

Cary wrote:Or to put it in real world terms, just about no detectable difference, which is pretty much what I experienced when I had the Knots 2 U flap gap seals installed many years ago (hard to believe that this thread is 8+ years old!). The increase in cruise speed was what I wanted and what I got, along with a noticeable increase in climb rate, without any noticeable change in landing or take off performance. My P172D's wing is stock, except for really droopy tips, which in my experience with umpty-ump 172s makes for somewhat more solid handling at slow speeds, doesn't reduce the stall speeds by any discernible amount, but makes the "break" more like a "mush".

Cary


I'm evaluating Knots2U seals as well for my tu206g, and mine being a heavy Amphibian I'm looking forward an increased rate of climb, and a couple more knots would be very welcome as well. Won't be needing any tight-spot performance and I already have the Robertson with very nice low speed handling. My plane cries drag, so anything that helps is welcome I guess
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Re: Flap Gap Seals

Gap seals with the Sportsmen wingX combo give an unrealiable stall. They work great with a Horton cuff. If slow is your mission, remove them.

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Re: Flap Gap Seals

I have them with a Horton cuff...like them fine.

While they might not hurt, given the drag you're dealing with I have a hard time believing they'd make much difference overall.
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Re: Flap Gap Seals

Canalguna wrote:
Cary wrote:Or to put it in real world terms, just about no detectable difference, which is pretty much what I experienced when I had the Knots 2 U flap gap seals installed many years ago (hard to believe that this thread is 8+ years old!). The increase in cruise speed was what I wanted and what I got, along with a noticeable increase in climb rate, without any noticeable change in landing or take off performance. My P172D's wing is stock, except for really droopy tips, which in my experience with umpty-ump 172s makes for somewhat more solid handling at slow speeds, doesn't reduce the stall speeds by any discernible amount, but makes the "break" more like a "mush".

Cary


I'm evaluating Knots2U seals as well for my tu206g, and mine being a heavy Amphibian I'm looking forward an increased rate of climb, and a couple more knots would be very welcome as well. Won't be needing any tight-spot performance and I already have the Robertson with very nice low speed handling. My plane cries drag, so anything that helps is welcome I guess


I would think the enormous drag of the floats can't begin to be alleviated with flap gap seals or any other "speed mod". I don't have much experience flying floats beyond getting my SES 5 1/2 years ago, but the airplane I trained in was a veritable clone of my airplane, but with straight floats. They cut its cruise speed by a good 25 knots. It was hard to compare climb performance, because most of my flying is in the high country above 5000' MSL, whereas the SES training was at sea level, but the floats didn't seem to impact the climb all that much. Upon leveling off, and then descending at low power settings, the drag was most noticeable. Nonetheless, the flap gap seals are a pretty inexpensive mod, and when they've been installed with screws like mine are, they're easy to remove if they don't work out.

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Re: Flap Gap Seals

If you have a 210 or 182rg and speed is your mission I am all in for flap gap seals because it cleans up that high drag area. Plus you are usually landing on paved 2500 foot plus runways.

So on the flip side of that is for the pilot that wants low and slow, flap gap seals are a disaster no matter what stol kit you have. What you are essentially doing with flap gap seals is making your Fowler Flaps into split flaps. This is due to a lot less flowing over the Fowler flap which is essentially a wing.

A perfect example of this is the 170A and the 170B. For the most part those two planes are essentially the same except for one thing, the flaps.
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Re: Flap Gap Seals

Quickdraw 1 You said it all, +1.
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Re: Flap Gap Seals

Quickdraw1 wrote:So on the flip side of that is for the pilot that wants low and slow, flap gap seals are a disaster no matter what stol kit you have.


Absolutely...I'm touching down around 90 mph, burning up 1,800 feet of runway at sea level while smoking my brakes, and only able to get 250 fpm descent with all 40 degrees hanging out and the power chopped. Must be why I can't get into any of the backcountry strips. :roll: :roll:

Where did that blanket generalization come from, anyway? I hear it repeated again and again, but it's simply not supported by experience...well, not mine anyway. Being able to slow down and loose altitude has just never been any kind of issue for me. If there's a strip my flap gap seals are keeping me out of, I haven't found it.

Would I be able to drop a little steeper or land a little slower without them? Maybe, but the wing flies so well with them that I don't see the point in changing it.

I'm not advocating for or against them, just saying that the old chestnut about how they ruin STOL performance is wildly inaccurate in my experience. And ya...I've flown a couple airplanes aside from the one I own.
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